With the widespread development and application of drug-loaded nanosystems in tumor therapy, numerous studies have confirmed that various nanoparticles can exert anti-tumor activity by regulating one or more immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), including depleting M2-type TAMs in the TME, limiting the recruitment and localization of TAMs, reprogramming M2-type TAMs into M1-type TAMs, enhancing NK cells homing or function, promoting DCs maturation, inhibiting TANs recruitment or altering their polarity, reducing circulating and tumor-infiltrating MDSCs, altering MDSCs phenotype or inhibiting MDSCs functions (including nanocapsules, metal-organic frameworks, micelles, polymers, dendritic macromolecules, liposomes, and other material nanoparticles), promoting CD8 + T cells proliferation or activity and reducing the number of Tregs (including nanoparticles composed of liposomes, gels, cerium, and selenium, hyaluronic acid-modified nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanovesicles, other material nanoparticles, and nanoparticles combined with other treatment modalities), besides, some nanoparticles can exert anti-tumor activity by regulating two or more types of immune cells in the TME
PINK1- and Parkin-mediated mitophagy at a glance
The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis has been shown to play an important role in PC cell proliferation, migration and invasion [53,54,55]
Experts dont know enough about melanotans potential side effects to determine whether people can use it safely
16 Currently, the FDA has approved tirzepatide as the only medication in this class
Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance and to ensure safe use
