Pathway dysregulation has been observed in the brain, urine and plasma of PD patients, showing a significant reduction of antioxidant enzyme activity along with an increased level of oxidative stress (Kovac et al., 2015), the loss of dopaminergic neurons in association with microglia activation (Rojo et al., 2010) and exacerbation of synuclein aggregation (Lastres-Becker et al., 2012)
Liraglutide protects against diabetes mellitus complicated with focal cerebral ischemic injury by activating mitochondrial Atp-sensitive potassium channels
Through the process of cellular respiration, the body produces ATP, the primary energy currency of the cell
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Mol Biol Rep 48 , 65396550 (2021)