ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and drug efflux One of the most well-documented mechanisms of drug resistance in CSCs is their elevated expression of ABC transporters, which actively pump chemotherapeutic agents out of the cell, reducing intracellular drug accumulation and efficacy
Its treatment is largely empirical, such that addiction to narcotic analgesics is a compounding menace, because there is no consensus on disease pathogenesis (34)
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TNF- regulates synaptic scaling, and its dysregulation compromises the stability of neural networks (Rizzo et al., 2018)
Cardiolipin is a particularly abundant phospholipid in the inner membrane of mitochondria and thus, an increase in anti-cardiolipin auto-antibodies may reveal damage in mitochondria membranes
Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance as risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease and rapid decline in renal function in elderly