Its antioxidant properties further contribute by neutralizing free radicals, reducing oxidative stress, and preventing cellular damage (8)
This is another reason providers transition patients to higher concentration vials as they titrate up
High dose oral cobalamin may be a suitable alternative in selective cases, where intramuscular injections are not tolerated and compliance is not a problem
This is where we started, focusing first on anti-aging and IV therapies, then quickly adopting emerging treatments to improve cognitive, physical, and sexual health
However, the cellular stress of the upstream events, i.e., reactive metabolite formation, GSH depletion, and protein adducts formation, is still present and this stress may trigger apoptosis in a limited number of cells (Figure 1)
4 It also modulates inflammation by affecting cytokine production and supports immune function through the regulation of white blood cells